Paper 010 / Working paper / June 6, 2026

Energy-Momentum Closure for Microwave Cavity Inertia Claims and Electromagnetic-to-Gravitational Conversion Architectures

Quantitative acceptance criteria for Pais-style resonant craft and HFGW concepts.

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01 / Abstract

Abstract

This paper treats Pais-style microwave cavity inertia claims and high-frequency gravitational-wave generator claims as stress-energy accounting problems. The objective is not to build a craft. The objective is to state the minimum accounting a claim must satisfy before it can be interpreted as propulsion, inertia modification, or useful gravitational-wave generation.

Existing high-accuracy EMDrive tests and steady-field gravity-electromagnetism searches are treated as methodological baselines.

02 / Closure

Momentum Accounting

A closed electromagnetic device cannot be accepted as propulsion merely because it moves a balance. It must identify where momentum and energy go.

\[ \frac{d}{dt}\left( \mathbf{p}_{\mathrm{matter}} +\mathbf{p}_{\mathrm{field}}\right) = -\oint_{\partial V}\mathbf{T}\cdot\mathbf{n}\,dA +\mathbf{F}_{\mathrm{external}} \]

\[ F_\gamma=\frac{P}{c} \]

03 / Criteria

Acceptance Stack

Cavity-inertia or HFGW claims are not escalated until ordinary field, thermal, vibration, radiation, and support channels close.

Calorimetry Measure input power, reflected power, emitted RF, and heat.
Calibration Resolve a known photon-thrust reference source at \(P/c\).
Isolation Use battery operation and eliminate feedthrough forces in critical runs.
Closure Publish a momentum-channel table before any propulsion interpretation.

04 / Files

Paper Files

The PDF is generated from the LaTeX source. Both are published for auditability and future revision.